The Holstein breed is known worldwide for its high milk production. The Holstein cow was bred over decades, with particular attention being paid to characteristics such as milk production, quality of the udder system, limb structure and feed conversion. The versatility of this breed allows it to adapt to different environments and production methods, be it pasture-based, dry feed-based systems for cheese production or silage-based rations. The Holstein breed dominates the dairy population in most countries and often represents more than 90% of dairy cattle. In Switzerland it has developed significantly since the 1970s and now makes up around 45% of the cattle population. Despite this distribution, it should be noted that the development potential of the breed has not yet been fully exploited. The Holstein breed comes from the Netherlands, particularly from the former province of Holland and West Frisia. The diet originally focused on the characteristics of milk and meat. Originally the animals were mainly left to rot, but from the XVIII. In the 19th century, black calves were imported from Denmark. Due to the dominance of the black gene, most animals became black, although the breed continued to exist in both colors. The Holstein breed also has a fascinating history and plays a crucial role in global milk production due to its outstanding milk production and adaptability.